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If there was, it was probably Belshazzar, in whose reign the city was taken (see the notes at Isaiah 14:22). It is not certain that any particular king of Babylon is here intended. In this beautiful song, there are all the elements of the most pungent satire, and all the beauties of the highest poetry.Īgainst the king of Babylon - Over the king of Babylon, or in regard to him. It is evidently used in this sense here - to denote a taunting speech, a song of triumph over the prostrate king of Babylon. It is also used to denote a satire, or a song of triumph over enemies Micah 2:4 Hebrews 4:6 Joel 2:17. The word also means, figurative discourse generally and hence, a song or poem Numbers 23:7, Numbers 23:18 Job 27:1 Job 29:1 Psalm 49:5. These maxims were commonly expressed in figurative language, or by a brief comparison, or short parable, as they are with us. They had few books and hence arose the necessity of condensing as much as possible the sentiments of wisdom, that they might be easily remembered, and transmitted to future times. Vulgate, 'Parable.' Septuagint Τὸν ρῆνον ton thrēnon - 'Lamentation.' The Hebrew word משׁל mâshâl, usually rendered "proverb," is also rendered "a parable," or "a by-word." It properly denotes "a metaphor, a comparison, a similitude " and is applied usually to a brief and pungent sentiment or maxim, where wisdom is embodied in few words. The word 'take up,' is used in the sense of utter, speak, or declare, in Exodus 20:7 Exodus 23:1 Psalm 15:2.
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The marginal reading, exactress of gold, seems like an attempt to combine two different etymologies.īarnes' Notes on the BibleThat thou shalt take up - Thou shalt utter, declare, or commence. The Vulgate, how has the tribute ceased, expresses substantially the same thought. The word so translated is, however, not found elsewhere, and the general consensus of recent critics, following in the wake of the Targum and the LXX., is in favour of the rendering, the task-master, or the place of torture. How hath the oppressor ceased.-If we take “the golden city” of the English version as the correct rendering, it finds a parallel in the epithet of “gold abounding” applied to Babylon by Æschylus ( Pers.
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The LXX., singularly enough, renders the word here by “lamentation.” In the mashal or taunting-song that follows, the generic meaning of “proverb” is specialised (as in Micah 2:4 Habakkuk 2:6 Deuteronomy 28:37, 1Kings 9:7, and elsewhere) for a derisive utterance in poetic or figurative speech. Isaiah 5:1 Isaiah 12:1) in his character as a psalmist. Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(4) That thou shalt take up this proverb against the king of Babylon.-The prophet appears once more (comp.